Sermon Notes For 3-1-26 An introduction to the Gospel of Mark Part 1

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel Of Matthew Chapter 16. So, as we continue in this year of 2026, and today as we start this first day of March, did you know that there is now only 36 days before the annual celebration and recognition of our Lord Jesus Christ being Bodily Resurrection from the dead.

And yet, as a church family over the years, we are still learning and appreciating this major part of The Redemption Story.  Which actually started at the end of last year, during the month of December of 2025.  For once again we focused upon the importance and the significance of, *The Incarnation, *and The Miraculous Conception,*and The Virgin Birth of our Lord Jesus Christ!

Because, if you think about it, without these Scriptural facts regarding our Lord’s Incarnation,  *and His Miraculous Conception, *and His Virgin Birth then our Lord’s Bodily Resurrection from the dead would have never occurred!

But Praise God! God The Son, or The Son of God-Jesus Christ, He Himself came into this world to save sinners by means of His sacrificial death. However, He also had to come back of the dead by of His Glorious Bodily Resurrection from the dead!

Now then, this brings up the most important question anyone should be asking and seeking to know the correct answer for themselves.  And that is, “Who Then Is Jesus Christ?”

Now, let’s notice together The Gospel of Matthew 16: 13 And when Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, Jesus asked His disciples saying, *Who do men say that I the Son of Man, am? 14 So the disciples said, Some say you are John the Baptist! Some say you are Elijah. But others say you are Jeremiah, or one of the Prophets. 15 And then Jesus said unto them, But who do you say that I am? (Stop here)

Now, believe or not using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a miracle-working Prophet! Some Would Suggest that Jesus was like the Prophet Elijah!

Now, notice again The Gospel of Matthew 16:14  So, the disciples said, Some say you are John the Baptist! Some say you are Elijah. But others say you are Jeremiah or one of the Prophets. And based upon Scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a miracle-working prophet!  Why some people say that Jesus was just a miracle-working prophet like Elijah because, on the surface, there really are similarities between Jesus and the Old Testament prophets—especially:➡️ Elijah

But whether Jesus is only a prophet or something far greater depends on theological perspective. Why people make that comparison              1) Jesus performed miracles like the Prophets Elijah performed dramatic miracles: •Raised a widow’s son from the dead  •Called down fire from heaven •Multiplied food during famine Jesus also performed miracles: •Raised the dead  •Multiplied loaves and fish  •Healed the sick  •Controlled nature Because of this, some conclude He was simply a prophet empowered by God. In fact, people in Jesus’ own time sometimes thought this. In the Gospels, some said He was: •Elijah returned   •Another prophet  •A great teacher sent by God    

 2) Jesus was called a Prophet Jesus Himself acknowledged being a prophet (for example, “A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown”). And crowds explicitly called Him a prophet (see accounts in Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke). So those who emphasize this role may conclude that’s all He was.

3) Some religious traditions teach this certain belief systems view Jesus as: •A great prophet  •A moral teacher  •A miracle worker - but not divine. For example, Islam honors Jesus as a prophet (though not the Son of God).

4) They emphasize the “human” side of Jesus Some interpretations focus on passages showing: •His humanity  •His prayer life •His dependence on God This can lead to the conclusion that He was a servant of God like Elijah, rather than God incarnate.

Why Christians Believe He Is More Than a Prophet Historic Christianity teaches that Jesus is not merely like Elijah, but greater than all prophets For example: He claimed unique authority He didn’t just say, “Thus says the Lord,” like prophets did.                                           He said things like: •“But I say to you…” (speaking with divine authority) •Forgave sins directly (something Jews believed only God could do) He was identified as the Son of God The New Testament presents Him as: •Messiah  •Lord  •Savior  •God incarnate

The opening of Gospel of John declares that “the Word was God.” Elijah appears with Him — not as His equal At the Transfiguration (Matthew 17), Elijah appears alongside Moses, but: •They speak with Jesus  •The heavenly voice says to listen to Jesus This scene presents Jesus as supreme over the Law (Moses) and the Prophets (Elijah). A helpful way to put it People who say this usually fall into one of these categories: •They haven’t examined the full biblical claims about Jesus •They come from a tradition that denies His divinity •They see Him primarily as a moral teacher •They are trying to respect Him without embracing Christian doctrine 

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 9. Now, believe or not, using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a Psychic!

Now, notice The Gospel of Matthew 9: 2 Then behold, they brought unto Him a paralytic lying on a bed or a portable cot. And then Jesus saw their faith, He said unto the paralytic, Son be of good cheer; your sins are forgiven you! 3 And at once some of the Scribes said (within themselves), This Man blasphemes! 4 But Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Why do you think evil in your hearts? (Stop here)

Now, based upon scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a Psychic! Why some people say that Jesus was a “psychic” because of the way the Gospels describe His supernatural knowledge and miracles. However, this idea comes from modern categories being projected onto an ancient context, not from how the Bible itself explains His power. Why Some People Say This 1) Jesus knew things supernaturally In the Gospels, Jesus sometimes knew details He had not been told: •He knew people’s thoughts  •He knew future events •He knew personal details about strangers For example, in Gospel of John chapter 4, He tells the Samaritan woman details about her life that surprise her. To modern readers, this can resemble psychic abilities (mind-reading, clairvoyance), though the text attributes it to divine knowledge.

 2) He Predicted Future Events Jesus foretold things such as: •His death and resurrection •The destruction of Jerusalem •Future persecution of His followers Prophets in the Bible also predicted the future, so some people interpret this through a psychic lens rather than a prophetic one.

 3) He Performed Miracles Miracles like: •Healing  •Controlling nature •Casting out demons can be misunderstood today as paranormal powers rather than acts of God. Jesus’ miracles are recorded throughout the Gospels (such as Gospel of Mark).

4) Modern Spiritual or New Age Interpretations Some people reinterpret Jesus as: •A mystic  •An enlightened teacher •A spiritual master with psychic abilities This often happens in movements that admire Jesus but don’t accept traditional Christian doctrine. How the Bible explains His power according to Scripture, Jesus’ knowledge and miracles came from: His unique relationship with God He is presented as the Son of God, not merely a spiritually gifted person. The Holy Spirit                                                      His ministry was empowered by the Spirit of God.

His Divine Nature                                     Christian theology teaches that Jesus is God incarnate, which explains His authority over nature, demons, sickness, and knowledge. Key Difference: Prophet vs. Psychic Biblical view: Power comes from God for His purposes. Psychic concept: Power is an innate paranormal ability or technique. The Bible actually warns against occult practices, so it would not frame Jesus’ ministry that way. A Gentle Insight for Conversations When someone says this, they may be: •Trying to explain miracles in modern terms •Unsure about supernatural claims  •Influenced by New Age ideas •Attempting to honor Jesus without embracing Christian beliefs

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 5. Now, believe or not using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a true Moralist!

Now, notice Matthew 5: 27 You have heard that it was said to those of old, or in the past. “You shall not commit adultery.” 28 But I say unto you that whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. And based upon Scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was a true Moralist!  Why some people might say that Jesus was a true Moralist because His teachings set an extraordinarily high ethical standard and focused deeply on how human beings ought to live. 

However, what they mean by that can differ depending on their beliefs about Him. Why People Describe Jesus This Way 1) His Moral Teachings Are Among the Most Influential in History Jesus taught principles that have shaped laws, cultures, and personal ethics for centuries, such as: •Love your neighbor  •Love your enemies  •Forgive those who wrong you •Care for the poor and vulnerable  •Practice humility instead of pride Teachings like these appear prominently in the Sermon on the Mount in: •Gospel of Matthew.  Even many non-Christians admire these ethical ideals.

2) He Focused On The Heart, Not Just Behavior Unlike many moral systems that emphasize external rules, Jesus taught that morality begins inwardly: •Anger relates to murder •Lust relates to adultery •Motives matter as much as actions This made His moral vision both deeper and more demanding.

3) He Challenged Hypocrisy Jesus strongly confronted religious leaders who appeared righteous outwardly but were corrupt inwardly. Because of this, some see Him as a reformer calling people back to authentic morality rather than mere rule-keeping.

4) Why Some Use the Term “Moralist” People may call Him a moralist because: •They admire His ethics but don’t accept supernatural claims •They view Him primarily as a teacher of virtue •They compare Him to philosophers like Socrates or Confucius •They see Christianity mainly as a moral framework

The Christian Perspective Historic Christianity teaches that Jesus was not merely a moral teacher but: •Savior  •Messiah  •Son of God His moral teaching was part of a larger message about reconciliation with God. In fact, the New Testament suggests that His standards are so high that people need God’s grace to live them out.

A Helpful Insight for Your Study For ministry and doctrinal comparison, this distinction is important:                      Jesus did not just teach morality - He offered the power and forgiveness needed to live it. He called people not only to behave differently, but to be transformed.

Now, let’s stay with The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 5. And believe or not using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was A Great Motivational Speaker!

Now, notice Matthew 5: 13 You are the salt of the earth; but if the salt loses its flavor, how shall it be seasoned? It is then good for nothing but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot by men. 14 You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden. 15 Nor do they light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the house. 16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven. And based upon Scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was A Great Motivational Speaker!

Why some people say that Jesus was A Great Motivational Speaker because His words have inspired and transformed lives for centuries. However, what they mean by that can vary widely depending on their perspective. Why People Describe Him That Way 1) His Teachings Inspire Hope and Courage Jesus spoke words that lifted discouraged people and challenged them to trust God, such as: •Do not worry about tomorrow  •Ask, seek, knock• Take heart, I have overcome the world •Come to Me, all who are weary These statements, especially in passages like the Sermon on the Mount (in Gospel of Matthew), sound deeply encouraging - similar to what modern motivational speakers try to do.

2) He Called People to Radical Change Jesus didn’t just comfort people — He called them to transformation: •Leave everything and follow Me  •Love your enemies  •Forgive endlessly •Seek first God’s kingdom His words moved people to action, not just reflection.

3) He Spoke With Authority and Conviction Listeners often remarked that Jesus taught differently from other teachers: •Clear  •Bold  •Memorable  •Filled with conviction This made His message compelling and persuasive.

4) His Words Still Move People Today Even people who don’t identify as Christians may admire: •His optimism about God’s care  •His emphasis on love and mercy •His vision of a better way to live so, they may frame Him as a motivational figure.

5) Why Some Use That Label Sometimes people call Him a motivational speaker because: •They appreciate His teachings but aren’t sure about His divinity •They see Him as a life coach or moral philosopher •They want to relate Him to modern self-improvement culture. The Important Difference From a biblical perspective, Jesus was not merely motivating people to feel better or achieve personal success. He was calling people to: •Repentance  •Faith  •Surrender to God •Participation in God’s kingdom His message was transformation, not just inspiration. A Helpful Insight for Teaching For ministry purposes since you study for spiritual growth and teaching, it can be helpful to note: Jesus didn’t just motivate people to improve their lives — He called them to a completely new life. Encouragement was part of His message, but so were challenge, conviction, and salvation.

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Luke Chapter 15. Now, believe or not using the bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was, An Effective Storyteller!

Now, notice Luke 15: 11 Then Jesus said: A certain man had two sons. 12 And the younger of them said unto his father, Father give me the portion of goods that falls unto me! So, the father divided unto them both his livelihood or his Estate. 13 And not many days after that, the younger son gathered it all together, and he journeyed into a far country, but there wasted his possessions with prodigal living.

And based upon scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say That Jesus was, An Effective Storyteller!

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 2. Now, believe or not using the bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus w, An Immigrant Himself!

Now notice Matthew 2: 13 Now, when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream saying, Arise take the young Child and His mother, and flee to Egypt, and stay there until I bring you word. For Herod will seek the young Child to destroy Him. 14 When Joseph arose, he took the young Child and His mother by night and departed for Egypt, 15 And they were there until the death of Herod, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord, through the prophet saying, Out of Egypt I called My Son. And based upon Scriptures like that, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was An Immigrant Himself!

Why someone might say that Jesus was an immigrant because of an event in His early childhood recorded in the Gospel of Matthew—when His family fled their homeland to live as refugees in a foreign country. The Biblical Basis In Matthew 2:13–15, after Jesus was born, an angel warned Joseph that King Herod planned to kill the child. So Joseph took Mary and Jesus and escaped to:➡️ Egypt They stayed there until Herod died, and only then returned to the land of Israel (eventually settling in:➡️ Nazareth). Because of this flight, Jesus lived for a time outside His homeland as a displaced person - what today we might call a refugee or immigrant. Why People Emphasize This Difference, people highlight this fact for different reasons:

1) To Stress Compassion for Immigrants and Refugees Some Christians point out that Jesus experienced displacement, danger, and dependence on a foreign land. They use this to encourage compassion toward immigrants today.

2) To Show God Identifies with the Vulnerable The story demonstrates that the Son of God entered human suffering - even political violence and exile.

3) To Connect With Old Testament Themes Matthew says this fulfilled prophecy (“Out of Egypt I called my Son,” quoting Hosea), linking Jesus with Israel’s history of sojourning. Important Clarification Technically speaking: •Jesus did not immigrate by choice for economic opportunity. •His family fled for safety. •So, the more precise term is refugee or asylum seeker, though people sometimes use “immigrant” in a broad sense.

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of John Chapter 13. Now, believe or not using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was Probably Bisexual!

Now, let’s notice The Gospel of John 13: 21 When Jesus had said these things, He was troubled in spirit and He testified and said - most assuredly I say unto you, one of you will betray Me. 22 Then the disciples looked at one another, perplexed about whom He spoke. 23 Now, there was leaning on Jesus' bosom one of His disciples whom Jesus loved.  (Stop here) 

Also, let’s notice The Gospel of John 20: 16 Jesus said unto her, "Mary!" And she turned and said unto Him, "Rabboni!" (which is to say, Teacher). 17 Jesus said unto her, Do not cling unto Me, for I have not yet ascended to My Father! But go to My brethren and say unto them, I am ascending unto My Father and your Father. And unto My God and your God. 18 Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that He had spoken these things unto her. (Stop here)

A novel in 2003, and A movie in 2006, and both were called, “The Da Vinci Code.” Jesus was portrayed as being the husband of Mary Magdalene and she conceived a child by Jesus, according to the novel and the movie.

In the novel and the movie, the Da Vinci code, Jesus was portrayed as being the husband of Mary Magdalene and she conceived and had children by Jesus, is this correct according to the novel and the movie?

According to both the novel and the movie, The Da Vinci Code portrays the idea that Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene and that she bore His child as part of the story’s central conspiracy theory. •In the novel The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown, the plot claims: •Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene were married. •Mary Magdalene became pregnant by Jesus. •Their bloodline supposedly continued through history. •A secret society preserved this truth while the Church allegedly suppressed it. •The 2006 film The Da Vinci Code, directed by Ron Howard, follows the same storyline and presents those claims as part of the fictional mystery.

Important clarification •This idea is fictional within the story. •It is not supported by the Bible or by mainstream historical scholarship. •The book itself is a thriller that blends art history, symbols, and speculative theories for dramatic effect.

According to the novel’s plot:                           Mary Magdalene is portrayed as Jesus’ wife.  She becomes pregnant once.  Their child is a daughter named Sarah. The story claims this daughter’s bloodline continued through history (the idea of a secret “holy bloodline”).  So, within the fictional narrative of the novel, it is one child whose descendants multiply, not multiple children born to them.                                                 

Absolutely - here are all three, carefully distinguished between Scripture, history, and later speculation. 1) What the Bible Actually Says About Mary Magdalene Mary Magdalene is presented in the New Testament as a devoted follower of Jesus Christ, not His wife. Key biblical facts Delivered from demons •Luke 8:2 — Jesus cast seven demons out of her. Faithful disciple and supporter •Luke 8:1–3 — She traveled with Jesus and helped support His ministry. Present at the crucifixion •Mark 15:40  •John 19:25 First witness of the resurrection •John 20:11–18 — Jesus appeared to her first. •She was sent to tell the apostles (sometimes called “apostle to the apostles”). What Scripture does NOT say •No mention of marriage to Jesus  •No mention of children •No suggestion of a romantic relationship In fact, the Gospels consistently portray her as a faithful disciple.

2) Where the “Marriage to Jesus” Idea Came From The theory did not come from the Bible. Sources often cited A. Gnostic writings (2nd–4th century) •Texts like the Gospel of Philip refer to Mary as Jesus’ “companion.” •These writings are much later than the New Testament and reflect mystical theology, not historical biography. Important note: •The word translated “companion” can mean spiritual partner, not spouse. •These texts never clearly say Jesus married her. B. Medieval legends •Some traditions claimed Mary traveled to France and carried the “holy bloodline.”               •These stories appear many centuries after the time of Jesus. C. Modern speculation •Popularized in books, documentaries, and novels. •Often based on reinterpretations rather than evidence.

 3) How Different Christian Traditions View Mary Magdalene Most Protestant scholars •See her as a faithful disciple and eyewitness of the resurrection. Catholic Church •Honors her as a saint. •Officially recognizes her as a key witness to the resurrection. •Rejects the marriage theory. Eastern Orthodox Church •Calls her “Equal to the Apostles.” •Strong emphasis on her role in announcing the resurrection. Across mainstream Christianity: 👉 There is no doctrinal support for the idea that she was Jesus’ wife.

Summary The claim in The Da Vinci Code is a fictional plot device, not biblical history. Biblically •Mary Magdalene = delivered follower, loyal disciple, resurrection witness Historically •Marriage theory = late speculation with weak evidence                              Theologically •Most traditions honor her as one of the most faithful followers of Christ. Now, therefore, based upon Scriptures like in The Gospel of John 13:21-23. And in The Gospel of John 20:16-18, some people in our day who would say that Jesus was Probably Bisexual! 

And lastly, let’s turn to The Gospel Of John Chapter 2 And believe or not using the Bible there are some people in our day who would say that Jesus was A Sinner Just Like Any Other Man!

Now, notice The Gospel of John 2:  13 Now, the Passover of the Jews was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. 14 And He found in the temple those who sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the moneychangers doing business. 15 When He had made a whip of cords, He drove them all out of the temple, with the sheep and the oxen, and poured out the changers' money and overturned the tables.                                      6 And He said to those who sold doves, "Take these things away! Do not make My Father's house a house of merchandise!"
And therefore, based upon several places within The Gospels, some people in our day who would say that Jesus Was A Sinner Just Like Any Other Man!

Why some would say that Jesus was a sinner just like any other man!  Because He got angry. Because He called people insulting names. Because He associated with tax collectors, sinners, and dunkers. This statement comes up often in our times.  And usually when someone says, “Jesus was a sinner like other men,” they are noticing certain actions in the Gospels that, on the surface, can look troubling if taken out of context.

Let’s look at why some say this - and how the Bible itself explains those moments. Why Some People Make This Claim 1) Jesus Got Angry For example, He drove money changers out of the temple (recorded in Gospel of Mark and Gospel of John). Some assume anger = sin. But in Scripture: •Anger itself is not automatically sinful •There is such a thing as righteous anger (anger at injustice or dishonor) Jesus’ anger was directed at corruption of worship and exploitation of people. 2) He Used Strong Language Toward Religious Leaders Jesus called certain leaders: •Hypocrites  •Blind guides •Whitewashed tombs These statements (especially in Matthew 23) can sound like insults to modern ears. However, in the prophetic tradition (like the Old Testament prophets), strong language was used to expose hypocrisy and call people to repentance.  This was confrontation, not petty name-calling.

3) He Associated With “Sinners” Jesus ate and spent time with people considered immoral or socially rejected: •Tax collectors  •Prostitutes  •Social outcasts Because of this, His critics accused Him of being: “a glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners” This accusation appears in the Gospels (for example in Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke). Important point: 👉 They were accusing Him — not describing reality. His purpose was to rescue, not participate in their sin (He said He came to call sinners to repentance). 4) Modern Assumptions About Morality Some people assume: •Anger = loss of control  •Confrontation = unkindness •Being with sinners = approving sin So, they conclude He must have been flawed.

What the New Testament Actually Teaches The consistent testimony of Scripture is that Jesus was sinless, for example: •He committed no sin  •He was tempted but did not sin •He is described as holy and blameless This teaching appears across the New Testament, not just in one place. A Key Distinction Jesus showed compassion without compromise. He: ✔ Welcomed sinners  ✔ Confronted hypocrisy ✔ Opposed injustice ✔ Remained morally pure This combination confused people then — and still does today. A Helpful Insight for Your Ministry Study Often this claim arises because people expect holiness to look like: •Gentle at all times  •Non-confrontational  •Socially safe But Jesus’ holiness included: •Mercy toward the broken  •Severity toward hardened hypocrisy •Courage to challenge systems

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Matthew Chapter 16. “Who Then Is Jesus Christ?” Now, let’s notice again Matthew 16: 13 And when Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples saying,*Who do men say that (I) The Son of Man, Am? 14 So the disciples said, Some say you are John the Baptist! Some say you are Elijah.But others say you are Jeremiah Or One Of The Prophets. 15 And Then Jesus said unto them, But who do you say that I am?  16 And Simon Peter answered and said, You are The Christ, The Son of the living God. 17 And Jesus answered and said unto Peter, Blessed are you Simon Bar-Jonah, for or because flesh and blood has not revealed this unto you, but My Father Who is in Heaven. 

 Now, notice again Matthew 16:16.  And Simon Peter answered and said, You are the Christ, (The Son Of The Living God.)

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Mark 1:1  The beginning of The Gospel of Jesus Christ—The Son of God. (Stop here)  When the Bible calls Jesus the Son of God, it communicates: •His divine identity  •His authority over heaven and earth •His unique relationship with the Father •His role as Messiah and King And when paired with Son of Man, it shows something beautiful: Because Jesus is both fully God and fully man!

In the Bible, the title “Son of God” applied to Jesus is rich with meaning—and you’re right, it is not about gender or physical birth.  It’s a theological title describing who Jesus is in relationship to God the Father and His divine nature. Here are the main biblical meanings: 1) Equality With God (Divine Nature) “Son of God” means Jesus shares the very nature of God. In Jewish understanding, a “son” often meant one who has the same nature as the father. When Jesus called God His Father, His opponents understood this as a claim to equality with God: •John 5:18 - They sought to kill Him because He was “calling God His own Father, making Himself equal with God.”

So Biblically, “Son of God” is a declaration of deity, not inferiority. Other supporting passages: •John 1:34 - “This is the Son of God.” •John 10:30 - “I and My Father are one.” •Colossians 2:9 - “In Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily.” 2) Unique Relationship Within the Trinity It expresses Jesus’ unique, eternal relationship with the Father. Jesus is not a son in the sense of being created. Scripture teaches He existed eternally: •John 1:1 - “In the beginning was the Word… and the Word was God.” •John 17:5 - Jesus speaks of glory shared with the Father before the world existed. Christians understand this as the eternal relationship within the Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit). 3) The Promised Messiah and King “Son of God” is also a royal title for the Messiah. In the Old Testament, Israel’s kings were sometimes called God’s son as His appointed ruler: •Psalm 2:7 - “You are My Son; today I have begotten You.” The angel applies this messianic title to Jesus: •Luke 1:32-35 -He will be called “the Son of the Most-High.” So, the title means Jesus is the promised King and Savior. 4) The Unique (Only) Son The Bible also calls Him the “only begotten Son”, meaning unique and one-of-a-kind. •John 3:16 - God gave His only begotten Son. The Greek word means “one and only,” not “created.” 5) Representation of the Father A son represents his father. Jesus perfectly reveals God: •Hebrews 1:3 - He is the exact imprint of God’s nature. •John 14:9 - “He who has seen Me has seen the Father.” So “Son of God” means Jesus is the visible revelation of the invisible God. In Simple Terms Biblically, “Son of God” means: •Jesus is fully divine   •He has an eternal relationship with the Father •He is the promised Messiah  •He perfectly reveals God •He shares God’s nature It is a title of deity, authority, and relationship, not biology. Absolutely - these three are very important for understanding how the Bible presents Jesus. You asked about: 1. The difference between Son of God and Son of Man 2. Why demons called Him the Son of God                3. How Jews, Romans, early Christians understood the title Let’s walk through each clearly. 1) Difference between “Son of God” and “Son of Man” Jesus used both titles for Himself, but they emphasize different truths.  Son of God → His Deity As we discussed, this title emphasizes: •His divine nature  •His equality with God •His unique relationship with the Father Example: •John 20:31 - written so you may believe Jesus is the Son of God. Son of Man → His Humanity AND His Heavenly Authority This title comes from the prophecy in the book of Daniel: •Daniel 7:13–14 - A “Son of Man” comes with the clouds of heaven and receives everlasting dominion. Here’s the key insight:In Jewish thought, “Son of Man” was actually a divine, heavenly ruler figure, not merely a human. When Jesus used this title, He was claiming to be: •Truly human  •The promised heavenly ruler •The judge of the world Example: •Mark 10:45 - The Son of Man came to serve and give His life. •Matthew 26:64 - The Son of Man coming on the clouds (a direct claim to Daniel 7). So together: Son of God → Who He is (divine nature) Son of Man → His role (Messiah, suffering servant, future judge) 2) Why Demons Called Him the Son of God Several times demons recognized Jesus immediately: •Mark 3:11 - “You are the Son of God!” •Luke 4:41-Demons knew He was the Christ. Why?They recognized His authority Unlike humans, demons had firsthand knowledge of the spiritual realm. They knew: •Who He was  •His power over them •Their coming judgment James 2:19 says even demons believe - and tremble. Jesus often silenced them because: •He didn’t want testimony from evil spirits •His identity would be revealed on God’s timetable It also shows that spiritual evil recognized Him faster than many humans did. 3) How Different Groups Understood “Son of God” Jewish Understanding Jews heard this title as a claim to equality with God. That’s why it caused outrage: •John 5:18 - They said He was making Himself equal with God. •John 10:33 - “You, being a man, make yourself God.” For them, this title crossed into blasphemy unless true. Roman Understanding Romans used “son of god” language for emperors. For example, the emperor Augustus was called “son of the divine.” So, when Christians called Jesus the Son of God, it was also a political statement: Jesus - not Caesar - is the true Lord. Early Christian Understanding The early church saw this title as central to salvation: •Romans 1:4 - Declared to be the Son of God with power by the resurrection. •1 John 4:15 - Whoever confesses Jesus as the Son of God, God dwells in him. For them, it meant: •Jesus is God in the flesh  •Savior of the world •Ruler over all Big Picture Summary When the Bible calls Jesus the Son of God, it communicates: •His divine identity •His authority over heaven and earth •His unique relationship with the Father •His role as Messiah and King And when paired with Son of Man, it shows something beautiful: Jesus is both fully God and fully man. •••••••••••••••••••• Communion Time •••••••••••••••••••• Now, let’s turn to 1st Corinthians Chapter 1 Now, please notice 1st Corinthians 11:25, This English translation says, “In the same manner (He) our Lord Jesus also took the cup after supper and said,  *This cup is The New Covenant in My blood.  *This do as often as you drink in remembrance of Me! (Stop here)

Now, you might recall that I said that during The Passover Feast in Jesus’ day there were 4 individual cups of wine which were to be used and shared among the participants.

Briefly today, with God’s help, I want to us all to be clear and morally responsible, regarding the wine that is used during Christian Holy Communion or During The Jewish Passover Celebration. (Repeat)

Now, according to I Corinthians 11:25 says, In the same manner He, The Lord also took the cup (the 3rd cup) after supper, saying, This cup is the New Covenant in My Blood. This do as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me. 

Now, let’s notice Luke 22: 15. Then Jesus said to them, With fervent desire I have desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer;  16. for I say to you, I will no longer eat of Passover until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God. 17. Then He took The Cup, and gave thanks and said, Take this and divide it among yourselves;  18. For I say to you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes. (Stop here) Now therefore, regarding the liquid content within the cup being the fruit of the vine,  Question, Was this wine or was it grape juice?

Please read this Biblical article to gain some insight and guidance about this most controversial issue among God’s people.  Now, here are two important questions that we should consider *Should wine or grape juice be used for communion time especially? *And is it acceptable to serve and/or receive either wine or grape juice during the Communion service? 

For this is a debate that unfortunately can be some cases very divisive within the body of Christ for those who are fore or against. Because people can use the scriptures to defend their position with great zeal, as an effort to defend the position they’ve taken, many people seem to lose sight of the greater issue, and that is what the liquid in the cup represents the shed blood of our Lord and Savior establishing the New Covenant. 

First of all, wine was consumed during the Old Testament times, is abundantly clear within the Scripture. We first see its use or misuse when Noah became drunk and lay uncovered in his tent (Genesis 9:21).  And later we see King Melchizedek serve wine to Abram after returning from a battle (Genesis 14:17-18).  In Exodus 29:40 we see God commanding the use of wine as part of the Levitical sacrificial system, and when David was made king, his men feasted for three days with food and wine (1 Chronicles 38-40).  In fact, Psalm 104:15 tells us that God made wine that gladdens the heart of man.  And we also see the LORD preparing a feast for His people someday of rich food that includes a “banquet of aged wine” (Isaiah 25:6). 

Now, in the New Testament we know that Jesus’ first miracle was changing water into wine at the wedding at Cana (John 2:1-11).  And our Lord Himself not only drank wine (Luke 7:34), but He said He would also drink it in heaven with us (Matthew 26:29).  Additionally, the apostle Paul instructed Timothy to use wine instead of “only water” so as to make his stomach better (1 Timothy 5:23). 

Notwithstanding, the frequency with which we see the use of wine all through the Bible, it is equally clear that drunkenness is never acceptable. In fact, Ephesians 5:18 states it quite succinctly: Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to debauchery.  As indicated, the proponents of drinking wine clearly have much Scripture available to support the position they take, and the above examples (with the exception of Noah) reflect how wine, when used properly and in moderation, can indeed be a good thing. 

Those who feel wine should not be used also make some cogent arguments, and it should be noted that they too have scriptural references to cite in support thereof.  See, for example, Proverbs 4:17; 20:1; and 23:29–32. And in Leviticus 10:9 we see the LORD tell Aaron that neither he nor his sons were to drink wine whenever they went into the tent of meeting or they would die. 

As for using wine or grape juice in the Lord’s Supper, there is no hard and fast biblical rule that states either one is preferred or acceptable. 

For those who use wine, certainly, if someone won’t drink from the cup because of its alcoholic content, then that is a valid concern. 

Or if someone is going to be distracted in any way as he or she approaches the cup, then that, too, is a valid concern as it may cause him to lose focus as to the real issue and thereby disregard Christ’s very command that we do this in remembrance of Him. 

Along these lines, the apostle Paul said, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord.  A man ought to examine himself before he eats of the bread and drinks of the cup.  For anyone who eats and drinks without recognizing the body of the Lord eats and drinks judgment on himself 1 Corinthians 11:27-29).  Accordingly, the important question is whether or not we are drinking from the cup in a worthy manner. 

As we approach the altar to partake of the Lord’s Supper, are we doing so in a ritualistic fashion? Are we simply going through the motions? Is our sinful human nature causing us to be indifferent; do we have an unrepentant heart? Perhaps a spirit of bitterness or any ungodly attitude? Unconfessed sin? 

We need introspection here, looking into our hearts and making sure we remember the magnitude of what we are doing and what Christ has done for us, before we drink from the cup. 

Nowhere in God’s Word do we see a command or requirement relative to the fermentation level of the cup’s contents. 

Nonetheless, if anyone has a strong opinion either way about what their church serves, that is fine if the zeal stems from a desire to do that which, in that one’s opinion, best honors the Savior.  But we must be careful not to cross that line wherein our zeal causes us to lose focus of the very real, very sacred issue as to what the cup represents.  If it were not for the shed blood of Jesus Christ, we would not be able to be in the presence of our great God in the first place (Hebrews 10:19-25). 

Any religious endeavor, practice, issue, or debate that causes us to lose focus of the sanctity of the cup takes us down a road the Lord would prefer we not traverse. Also, may I share my personal opinion and convection on this matter that may help?

First see Romans 14:21. It is good neither to eat meat nor drink wine nor do anything by which your brother stumbles or is offended or is made weak.

Maybe we should consider in a congregational setting where you have a mixture of non-believers and believers, children and young adults, mature and in immature believers. Individuals that have or had issues with substance abuse, alcoholism. Or individuals who come from a dysfunctional family background were substance abuse, alcoholism was a negative part within their lives. 

Then Romans 14:21 is an important guideline that should be considered. See Romans 14:21.  It is good neither to eat meat, nor drink wine, nor do anything by which your brother stumble or is offended or is made weak.

Now, let’s see 1st Corinthians 11: 20 Therefore, when you come together in one place it is not to eat the Lord's Supper. 21 For in eating: each one takes his own supper ahead of others; and one is hungry and another is drunk. 22 What do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you in this? I do not praise you.

Now, let’s see 1st Corinthians 6:12. All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful.  All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any.

Now, let’s see 1st Corinthians 10:23. All things are lawful for me, but not all things are helpful! All things are lawful for me, but not all things Edify.

Now, let’s see Romans 14:21. It is good neither to eat meat nor drink wine, nor do anything by which, *your brother or sister stumbles, *or is offended, *or is made weak.

Now, let’s see 1st Corinthians 10:31. Therefore, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do! Do all to the glory of God.

Sermon Notes For 3-8-26 Part 2 An Introduction to the Gospel of Mark

Now Let’s Turn To The Book Of Revelation Chapter 1.

Praise The Lord, there is only 29 days left before the annual celebration and recognition of our Lord Jesus Christ being bodily resurrection from the dead. And during this special season, it is really a good time that we would collectively and individually express our gratitude, appreciation and thankfulness unto God The Son, The Son Of God, The Lord Jesus Christ, for His sacrificial death in order to save sinners.  And yet, He came back of the dead by means of His glorious bodily resurrection from the dead, as proof that he only is the way unto God!

Now, let’s notice something very special here in The Book of Revelation 1: 13 And in the midst of the seven lampstands one like The Son of Man, clothed with a garment down to the feet and girded about the chest with a golden band. 14 His head and hair were white like wool, as white as snow, and His eyes like a flame of fire; 15 His feet were like fine brass, as if refined in a furnace, and His voice as the sound of many waters; 16 He had in His right hand seven stars, out of His mouth went a sharp two-edged sword, and His countenance was like the sun shining in its strength. 17 And When I saw Him I fell at His feet as dead. But He laid His right hand upon me saying to me, Do not be afraid; I am the First and the Last. 18 I am He who lives and was dead, but behold I am alive forevermore, Amen! And I have the keys of Hades and of Death.

So then, this brings us to the most important question that all of us should be asking and seeking to know the correct answer for ourselves, “Who Then Is Jesus Christ?”

Now, in order to help us, let’s turn to The Gospel of Mark Chapter 1: Now, notice The Gospel of Mark 1:1 The beginning of The Gospel of Jesus Christ - The Son of God.   (Stop here)

Did you know that this sentence here in Mark 1:1.  Should be seen as a prologue.

Question) What is the purpose of a prologue in literature or in books? *Well, a prologue is an introductory section at the beginning of a book that prepares the reader for the main story or message to follow. *A prologue is a preliminary introduction that sets the stage for what is to follows. *And a prologue usually announce the main subject of the book. *By the way, another well-known prologue is seen within the opening 18 verses of the Gospel of John.

Now, here in The Gospel of Mark 1:1, this prologue is being used to introduce the identity of Jesus Christ before His earthly ministry begins.

Now, let’s notice again The Gospel of Mark 1:1, the beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ - The Son of God. (Stop here) This opening statement acts like a title or a headline for the entire book, by utilizing 2 key phrases, “The Beginning Of The Gospel.”

The first key phrase is “The Beginning.” The word “beginning” comes from the Greek word archē, which can mean: the start or the origin of something or someone.

The phrase “The Beginning” could also mean the first stage of an event. The foundation or the commencement of an important work.

Now, let’s notice again The Gospel of Mark 1:1, The Beginning of The Gospel. (Stop here)

The word “Gospel” comes from the Greek word euangelion, meaning: •good news.  •glad tidings.  •a joyful announcement.

In the Roman world the word “Gospel,” “euangelion,” was used for announcing •the birth of a king or the emperor  • a military victory.  • the arrival of a new ruler.

Now, let’s notice again The Gospel of Mark 1:1. The beginning of The Gospel of Jesus Christ   (Stop here)

Now remember, “Jesus Christ” is not referring to His first and last name. The name, Jesus, Yeshua or Joshua, can mean Yahweh Saves or Yahweh is salvation! However, the word “Christ,” is a divine title which means, the anointed one, the Messiah King!

Now, let’s notice again The Gospel of Mark 1:1, The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ - The Son of God. (Stop here)

Think about it, when the Bible calls Jesus “The Son of God,” what do most modern-day Christians and non-Christian normally conclude?

Because in their mines the phrase “Son of - Someone,” usually implies they are the male offspring of someone.

But most importantly, in a parent-child relationship they are not seen as equal to their parent or parents. (Repeat)And therefore, some would conclude because Jesus Christ is a son of God.

Jesus is not equal to God the father, and He is not equal to God, the Holy Spirit.

 And then you and I read one of The Gospels from the Bible, and it appears that Jesus is subservient unto God The Father and unto God The Holy Spirit.

 However, when the Bible calls Jesus the Son of God from the scriptures they are revealing something completely different.

“Son of God” is a declaration of deity and equality and not a mortal or Inferior. Son of God means  •His divine identity.  •His authority over heaven and earth  •His unique relationship with God the Father  •And His future role as The Messiah King.

In the Bible, the title “Son of God” is not applying gender nor physical birth.

Instead, the title Son of God is describing Our Lord Jesus’ special relationship to God the Father as well as Jesus shares the very nature of God Himself. For example, in Jewish understanding, a “son” often meant, “one who has the same nature as the father.”

Also, the scripture teaches He eternally existed: •John 1:1 - “In the beginning was the Word… and the Word was God.” •John 17:5 - Jesus speaks of the Glory that He shared with the Father before the world existed.

In fact, when Jesus called God His Father, His opponents understood His claim that He was equality with God. John 5:18 - They sought to kill Him because He was “calling God His own Father, making Himself equal with God.”

Other supporting passages: •John 10:30 - “I and My Father are one.” •Colossians 2:9 - “In Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily.”

The Roman understanding “son of god.” Romans used “son of god” language for emperors. For example, the emperor Augustus was called “son of the divine.”

So, when Christians called Jesus the Son of God, it was also a political statement: Jesus - not Caesar - is the true Lord. Also, the title, “Son of God” meant, a representation of! A son represents his father.  And Jesus perfectly reveals God the Father! •Hebrews 1:3 - He is the exact imprint of God’s nature. •John 14:9 - “He who has seen Me has seen the Father.” And Lastly, “Son of God” is also a royal title for the Messiah.

In the Old Testament, Israel’s kings were sometimes called God’s son as His appointed ruler: •Psalm 2:7 - “You are My Son; today I have begotten You.”

The angel applies this messianic title to Jesus: •Luke 1:32–35 - He will be called “the Son of the Most-High.” So, the title means Jesus is the promised King and Savior.

“Son of God”.  It appears around 50 times, mostly in the Gospels and the epistles.

Matthew •Matthew 3:17 -“This is my beloved Son…” (Use this one). Matthew 4:3. “If thou be the Son of God…” Matthew 4:6 “If thou be the Son of God…” •Matthew 8:29 - “Jesus, thou Son of God…” •Matthew 14:33 - “Truly thou art the Son of God.” •Matthew 16:16 - “Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.” •Matthew 26:63 - “Tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God.” •Matthew 27:40 - “If thou be the Son of God, come down from the cross.” •Matthew 27:43 - “For he said, I am the Son of God.” •Matthew 27:54 - “Truly this was the Son of God.” Mark                                                             •Mark 1:1 - “Jesus Christ, the Son of God.” Mark 1:11 - “Thou art my beloved Son.” •Mark 3:11 - “Thou art the Son of God.” •Mark 5:7 - “Jesus, thou Son of the most high God.” •Mark 9:7 - “This is my beloved Son.” •Mark 14:61 - “Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?” (Use This One).   Mark 15:39 -“Truly this man was the Son of God.”

Luke
•Luke 1:32 - “He shall be called the Son of the Highest.” (Use This One)  Luke 1:35 - “That holy thing… shall be called the Son of God.” •Luke 3:22 - “Thou art my beloved Son.” •Luke 4:3 - “If thou be the Son of God…” •Luke 4:9 - “If thou be the Son of God…” •Luke 8:28 - “Jesus, thou Son of God most high.” •Luke 22:70 - “Art thou then the Son of God?”

 John •John 1:34 - “This is the Son of God.” •John 1:49 - “Thou art the Son of God.” •John 3:16 - “His only begotten Son.” •John 3:18 - “The only begotten Son of God.” •John 5:25- “The Son of God.” •John 10:36 - “I am the Son of God.” •John 11:4 - “That the Son of God might be glorified.” •John 11:27 - “The Christ, the Son of God.” •John 19:7 - “He made himself the Son of God.” (Use This One).  John 20:31 -“Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God.”

The Book of Act •Acts 8:37 -“Jesus Christ is the Son of God.” •Acts 9:20 - Paul preached that Jesus is the Son of God.

Romans •Romans 1:3 - “Concerning his Son…” •Romans 1:4 - “Declared to be the Son of God with power.” •Romans 5:10 - “Death of his Son.” •Romans 8:3 - “God sending his own Son.” •Romans 8:29 - “Image of his Son.”

The Other Epistles. •2 Corinthians 1:19 - “The Son of God, Jesus Christ.” •Galatians 2:20 - “Faith of the Son of God.” •Ephesians 4:13 - “Faith… of the Son of God.” •Hebrews 4:14 - “Jesus the Son of God.” •Hebrews 6:6 - “Crucify… the Son of God.” •Hebrews 7:3 - “Like the Son of God.” •Hebrews 10:29 - “The Son of God.”

1st John (very frequent) •1 John 3:8  •1 John 4:15  •1 John 5:5  •1 John 5:10  •1 John 5:12  •1 John 5:13 (Use This One). 1 John 5:20

The Book of Revelation •Revelation 2:18 - “These things saith the Son of God…” 

‍ ‍Sermon Notes 3-15-26 Part 3 An Introduction to the Gospel of Mark.

‍Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Mark Chapter 1.

Praise The Lord, there is only 22 days left before The Annual Celebration and Recognition of Our Lord Jesus Christ Bodily Resurrection from the Dead.

And during this special season, it is really a good time that we would collectively and individually express our gratitude, appreciation and thankfulness unto God The Son, The Son of God, The Lord Jesus Christ, for His Sacrificial Death in order to save sinners.

And yet, He came back from the dead by means of His Glorious Bodily Resurrection from the Dead, as proof that He only is the way unto “God,” and to “Heaven” Itself! And to “Eternal Life, “The Abundant Life!”

So again, the most important question that all of us should be asking and seeking to know the correct answer for ourselves is, -Who Then Is Jesus Christ?                            

Now, in order to help us answer that question biblically and correctly let’s notice The Gospel of Mark 1:1. The Beginning of The Gospel of Jesus Christ -The Son of God.  (Stop here)

So once again, the most important question that all of us should be asking and seeking to know the correct answer for ourselves is, who then is Jesus Christ The Son of God!

And remember 1st John 5:20 says, And we know that The Son of God has come and has given us an understanding that we may know Him Who is True and we are in Him Who is True - this is the True God and Eternal Life.

Also 1st John 5:11, 12 &13 says.                    11. And this is the testimony that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in His Son.            12. He who has the Son has life; he who does not have the Son of God does not have life.     13. These things I have written unto you who believe in the name of the Son of God, so that you may know that you have eternal life, and that you may continue to believe in the name of the Son of God. Again, that was 1st John 5:11-13 And 1st John 5:20.

Now, let’s also remember that the title “Son of God” when referring to our Lord Jesus Christ - Who Is God The Son.

This Title “Son of God” appears around 50 times within The New Testament, mostly in the Gospels and within the Epistles writings.

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Mark Chapter 2.(Question) - Did you know that there is another important Divine title that our Lord Jesus often used - for Himself that you may be unfamiliar with especially its meaning? Show you what I mean.

Now, notice Mark 2:10&11. 10. But that you may know that The Son of Man has power on earth to forgive sins" He said to the paralytic, 11. I say unto you arise take up your bed and go to your house.                                                                                       Now also, notice Mark 2:27&28 27 And He said unto them, The Sabbath was made for man, and not Man for the Sabbath! 28. Therefore, The Son of Man is also Lord of the Sabbath.

Now in the Bible, there are 2 individuals who are associated with the title “son of man.” The Prophet Ezekiel.  And our Lord Jesus Christ.

However, the meaning of the title The Son of Man,” vs. son of man,”The meaning is completely different for these 2 individuals, whether it’s for *The Prophet Ezekiel, *Or our Lord Jesus Christ.

Today, we will mainly focus upon The Prophet Ezekiel, and we shall see that it was God who called Ezekiel,“son of man,” and what does that title really mean? Because it was not Ezekiel who called himself, “son of man,” but it was God!

And then Lord willing next Sunday, we will learn together why our Lord Jesus Christ called himself on numerous occasions, The Son of Man!

But today, we will mainly focus upon the Prophet Ezekiel, and we shall see that it was God who called Ezekiel, “son of man,” and what does that Title really mean? Because it was not Ezekiel who called himself, “son of man,” but it was God! 

Now, let’s turn to the Old Testament Book of Ezekiel Chapter 1.  Now, notice Ezekiel 1:           1 Now, it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, on the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the River Chebar, that the heavens were opened and I saw visions of God.                                                                                    2 On the fifth day of the month, which was in the fifth year of King Jehoiachin's captivity,  3 The word of the Lord came expressly to Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans or the Babylonians by the River Chebar; and the hand of the Lord was upon Ezekiel there. (Stop here)                                                         (Note) God addresses Ezekiel as “son of man” over 90 times throughout the book of Ezekiel.

In the Hebrew language the phrase “son of man,” meant “ben-adam” (בֶּן־אָדָם), which literally means: “son of Adam” or “son of humanity.” And In this context it would mean: •a mere human being.  •a mortal man.  •a member of the human family.

But why God used this phrase or title “son of man,” for Ezekiel? 1. To emphasize Ezekiel’s humanity God is the sovereign Lord speaking, while Ezekiel is simply a mortal human messenger. 2. To contrast divine glory with human weakness. The book begins with an overwhelming vision of God’s glory (Ezekiel 1).Calling him “son of man” reminds him that he is finite and dependent on God. 3. To identify him as a representative of the people. Ezekiel often stands as a representative of Israel, speaking God’s message to them. So, for Ezekiel the title essentially means: “Mortal human servant of God.”

Now, let’s notice again Ezekiel 1: 3 The word of the Lord came expressly to Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans or the Babylonians by the River Chebar; and the hand of the Lord was upon Ezekiel there. (Stop here)  In 597 BC, Babylon captured Jerusalem. King Jehoiachin was taken into exile, a prisoner. Thousands of skilled people were deported from Jerusalem to Babylon, and among those taken was the priest name Ezekiel.                           Think about it Ezekiel was not originally “A Prophet.”                                                                                                                                                                        So, instead of Ezekiel being involved in his priestly responsibilities in the temple in Jerusalem, God calls him to be a prophet in exile in Babylon!

Now, let’s turn to The Old Testament Book Of Ezekiel (Chapter 28) Now, notice Ezekiel 28:12 Son of man takes up a lamentation for the king of Tyre and say unto him, thus says the Lord God! You were the Seal of Perfection. full of wisdom and perfect in beauty. 13 You were in Eden, the garden of God; Every precious stone was your covering: The sardius, topaz, and diamond, Beryl, onyx, and jasper, Sapphire, turquoise, and emerald with gold. The workmanship of your timbrels and pipes Was prepared for you on the day you were created. 14 "You were the anointed cherub who covers. I established you; You were on the holy mountain of God; You walked back and forth in the midst of fiery stones. 15 You were perfect in your ways from the day you were created, Till iniquity was found in you. 16 By the abundance of your trading You became filled with violence within, And you sinned; Therefore, I cast you as a profane thing Out of the mountain of God; And I destroyed you, O covering cherub, from the midst of the fiery stones. 17 Your heart was lifted up because of your beauty; You corrupted your wisdom for the sake of your splendor; I cast you to the ground, I laid you before kings, That they might gaze at you. 18 You defiled your sanctuaries By the multitude of your iniquities, By the iniquity of your trading;  Therefore, I brought fire from your midst; It devoured you, And I turned you to ashes upon the earth In the sight of all who saw you.

Now, let’s turn to Ezekiel Chapter 37.            Now, In light of what’s going on in our world today especially in the Middle East, with Israel, Iran, and now the United States and other countries.

With God’s help, let’s take some time for next several minutes utilizing The Book of Ezekiel, where there are 3 back-to-back chapters within The Book of Ezekiel that you may or may not be familiar with.  For the Prophet Ezekiel the son of man, God Himself is will reveal unto him Some of the things regarding Israel’s future in the last days, that every believer, in every generation should know about.

Now, there are 2 major prophetic End Time visions in The Book of Ezekiel. The First is in The Book of Ezekiel Chapter 37 and the entire chapter.   For this Vision that takes place in a valley where there are thousands of intact human skeletons, Which The Lord reveals that they represent “Israel” being brought back to life as a nation in their own land. (Note) This happened on May 14, 1948 (78 years ago.)

Now again, this vision that took place in a valley where there are thousands of intact human skeletons. The Lord also, reveals that this represent “Israel” being brought back into their own land promised by God unto descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

And finally, this vision that took place in a valley where there are thousands of intact human skeletons.  The Lord is revealing that this represent Israel being brought back in order to Fulfill End time prophecies while dwelling in their land surrounded by enemies.

Now, let’s turn to Ezekiel Chapter 38.   Now remember, there are 2 major prophetic End Time visions in The Book of Ezekiel. And the second major prophetic End Time Vision is actually given in 2 parts.    Now, the first part of the major prophetic End Time Vision is seen in The Book of Ezekiel Chapter 38 Regarding a multi-country coalition invading and devastating the land of Israel during The End Times.

Now, let’s turn to Ezekiel Chapter 39.   Now, the second part of the major prophetic End Time Vision is seen in The Book of Ezekiel Chapter 39 regarding that same multi-country coalition that invaded the land of Israel during the End Times. They will experience utter destruction and a massive defeat at the hands of God Almighty. 

Now, let’s turn to Ezekiel Chapter 37.  Now, again in light of what’s going on in our world today especially in the Middle East, with Israel, Iran, and now the United States and other countries. With God’s help, let’s take some time utilizing The Book of Ezekiel, 

Where there are 3 back-to-back chapters within The Book of Ezekiel where the Prophet Ezekiel the son of man, God Himself is will reveal unto him some of the things regarding Israel’s future in the last days, that every Believer, should know about.

The first major prophetic End Time vision is seen in The Book of Ezekiel Chapter 37 and the entire chapter. For this vision that takes place in a valley where there are thousands of intact human skeletons, Which The Lord reveals they represent “Israel” being brought back to life as a Nation in their own land. (Note) This happened on May 14, 1948 (78 years ago.)

Now, let’s notice Ezekiel 37:  1. The hand of the Lord came upon me and brought me out in The Spirit of The Lord and set me down in the midst of the valley; and it was full of bones.              2. Then He caused me to pass by them all around and behold there were very many in the open valley; and indeed they were very dry.               3. And He said unto me, Son of man can these bones live? So, I answered, "O Lord God You know!" (Ezekiel 37 – The Valley of Dry Bones.) 1. The Vision (37:1-10) God brings Ezekiel to a valley filled with dry bones - very dry, symbolizing long-dead people. God asks: “Son of man, can these bones live?” Ezekiel answers wisely: “O Lord God, you know.” God tells him to prophesy to the bones. Then three stages occur: 1.Bones come together  2. Flesh and skin appear  3. Breath enters them and they live. The Hebrew word for breath/spirit is ruach, which can mean: •breath  •wind  •spirit This emphasizes God giving life again.

2. God Explains the Vision (37:11-14) God gives the interpretation directly. The bones represent the house of Israel. The people were saying: “Our bones are dried up, and our hope is lost.” This reflects Israel’s despair during the Babylonian exile. God promises •He will open their graves •He will bring them back to the land of Israel  •He will put His Spirit in them So, the main meaning is: National restoration of Israel after exile.

3. The Two Sticks (37:15-28) God tells Ezekiel to take two sticks: •one for Judah  •one for Joseph/Ephraim (the northern kingdom) They are joined together into one stick. Meaning: •The divided kingdom will become one nation again. God promises: •One king  •Cleansing from sin  •A covenant of peace •God dwelling among them Christians often see this “one king” fulfilled in Jesus Christ.

Now, let’s turn to Ezekiel Chapter 38. Now remember, there are 2 major prophetic End Time visions in The Book of Ezekiel.  And the second major prophetic End Time vision is actually given in 2 parts. Now, the first part of the major prophetic End Time vision is seen in The Book of Ezekiel Chapter 38 regarding a multi-country coalition invading and devastating the land of Israel during the End Times.                                                                             

Now, notice Ezekiel 38:                         1 Now, the word of the Lord came to me, saying,   2 Son of man, set your face against Gog of the land of Magog, the prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal, and prophesy against him  3 And say, Thus says the Lord God! Behold, I am against you O Gog, the prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal.  4 (I) God is speaking, I will turn you around put hooks into your jaws, and lead you out with all your army, horses, and horsemen, all splendidly clothed, a great company with bucklers and shields, all of them handling swords  5 Persia, Ethiopia, and Libya are with them, all of them with shield and helmet;  6 Gomer and all its troops; the house of Togarmah from the far north and all its troops, and many people are with you. 7. Prepare yourself and be ready, you and all your companies that are gathered about you; and be a guard for them. 8  After many days (You) the people of Israel will be visited. (When?)

In the latter years, You - the invaders, will come into the land of those brought back from the sword and gathered from many people on the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate.  But (They) The people of Israel, were brought out of the Nations, and now all of them dwell safely. (Stop here)                   

Ezekiel 38 – The Prophecy of Gog Chapter 38 introduces a mysterious enemy leader called: Gog He is from the land of Magog. Gog leads a massive coalition against Israel.  Nations listed include:  •Persia  •Cush  •Put  •Gomer  •Beth-Togarmah  The attack happens when Israel is:  •restored  •living in security

God says He will draw Gog into battle.  What happens in the battle? God intervenes supernaturally: •massive earthquake  •confusion among armies  •pestilence •fire and hail The invading armies destroy each other. The purpose: “Then the nations will know that I am the Lord.”

Now, see Ezekiel 39 – The Defeat of Gog.  Chapter 39 continues the same battle. God completely destroys Gog’s armies. Several dramatic details are given. 1. The weapons burn for seven years Israel uses the invaders’ weapons as fuel. 2. Seven months of burial. The dead are buried to cleanse the land. 3. A great sacrificial feast. Birds and animals consume the fallen armies. This imagery resembles other prophetic judgment scenes. Final restoration promise. The chapter ends with God promising: •Israel will no longer be ashamed  •God will pour out His Spirit •His presence will remain with them.

Now, let’s notice again Ezekiel 38: 3  And say, Thus says the Lord God! Behold, I am against you O Gog, the prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal.  4  ( I ) God is speaking, I will turn you around put hooks into your jaws, and lead you out with all your army, horses, and horsemen, all splendidly clothed, a great company with bucklers and shields, all of them handling swords. 5  Persia, Ethiopia, and Libya are with them, all of them with shield and helmet;  6  Gomer and all its troops; the house of Togarmah from the far north and all its troops, and many people are with you. (Stop here)

The prophet Ezekiel used ancient geographic names, so interpreters try to identify what regions those names correspond to today.

It is important to know that not all scholars agree, but there are some widely accepted historical identifications based on archaeology and ancient records. Gog and the land of Magog. Gog appears to be a leader or ruler, not a nation. Ezekiel 38:2 describes him as: “Gog, of the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal.” Scholars generally think: •Gog = a future or symbolic ruler  •Magog = the territory he rules Some possibilities suggested historically: 1.A Scythian ruler (ancient tribes north of Israel) 2.A symbolic name for an end-time enemy of God’s people 3. A title like “supreme leader” The name reappears later in The Book of Revelation where “Gog and Magog” symbolize nations opposing God.

Now, notice the coalition of nations. 1. Persia Modern location:Iran This identification is certain because Persia kept that name historically until 1935 when it officially became Iran.                              2. Cush, Kingdom of Kush Modern location: •Sudan  •possibly parts of Ethiopia. In the Bible Cush normally refers to the region south of Egypt along the Nile. 3. Put Modern location: Most scholars associate Put with: •Libya  •or western North Africa Ancient Egyptian texts also link Put with Libya. 4. Gomer. Modern region likely includes: •parts of Turkey  •possibly areas north of the Black Sea The Cimmerians migrated into Anatolia (modern Turkey) around the 7th century BC. 5. Beth-Togarmah Modern location: •eastern Turkey  •possibly the Armenia Caucasus region Ancient records place Togarmah in Anatolia, north of Israel.

Now, also in Ezekiel 38:6 and 38:15, That there are armies said to come from - “The Far North.” From Israel’s perspective, the far north route historically passed through Anatolia and the Caucasus, which is why many scholars focus on regions north of Israel.

Also, the phrase “the far north” has led many interpreters to ask whether it refers to Modern Day Russia. The answer is possible but not certain, and biblical scholars hold several.

The prophet Ezekiel writes that the invading armies led by Gog come from “the far north.”

From Israel’s perspective, “north” means north of the land of Israel, not necessarily the northernmost point on the globe.

In the ancient world, major invasions of Israel historically came from the north, even if the empires originated farther east. This happened because armies followed the Fertile Crescent route.

Why some people associate it with Russia. Some interpreters identify the land of Magog with regions inhabited by ancient Scythian tribes, who lived north of the Black Sea.

Those areas include parts of what is now: •southern Russia  •Ukraine  •Central Asia Because of this, some teachers propose that Russia could be part of the region described.

Another argument sometimes used is the mention of Meshech and Tubal, which some link to ancient Anatolian peoples that lived near the Black Sea. However, these connections are debated.

Why many scholars do not think it specifically means Russia. Most modern biblical historians caution against identifying Gog directly with a modern nation. There are several reasons:Ancient geographic names. The names in Ezekiel refer to ancient peoples, not modern political states. Anatolia connections Many of the names Meshech, Tubal, Gomer, Togarmah are located historically in Anatolia, which is largely modern Turkey.

“Far north” is directional language in Hebrew prophecy, “north” often simply refers to the direction from which danger comes. For example, the prophet Jeremiah repeatedly described Babylon’s invasion as coming from the north, even though Babylon lies east of Israel.

The symbolic interpretation some scholars believe Gog represents the ultimate enemy of God’s people, rather than a specific modern country.

‍ Sermon Notes For 3-22-26 introduction to the Gospel of Mark Part 4

Now, let’s turn to The Gospel of Mark Chapter 1.

Praise The Lord, there is only 15 days left before The Annual Celebration and Recognition of our Lord Jesus Christ’s Bodily Resurrection From The Dead.

And during this special season, this is a good time that we would collectively and individually express our gratitude, appreciation and thankfulness unto - God The Son, The Son of God, The Lord Jesus Christ, for His Sacrificial Death In Order To Save Sinners.And yet, He came back from the dead by means of His Glorious Bodily Resurrection from The Dead, *as proof that He is the only way unto “God!”  *And that He is the only to Heaven” itself! *And that He is the only to “Eternal Life, “The Abundant Life!”So again, the most important question that all of us should be asking and seeking to know the correct answer for ourselves is, “Who Then Is Jesus Christ?”

Now, in order to help us answer that question Biblically and correctly let’s notice The Gospel of Mark 1:1. The Beginning of The Gospel of Jesus Christ - The Son of God.  (Stop here)

Now, notice The Title - The Son of God. (Question)—Did you know that there is another important Divine title that our Lord Jesus often used - for Himself that you may unfamiliar with especially its meaning? Show your what I mean.

Now, notice Mark 2: 10&11. 10. But that you may know that The Son of Man has power on earth to forgive sins He said unto the paralytic, 11. I say unto you arise take up your bed and go to your house.

Now, also notice Mark 2:27&28.  27.  And He said unto them, The Sabbath was made for man, and not Man for the Sabbath!    28. Therefore, The Son of Man is also Lord of the Sabbath.

Now, in the Bible, there are 2 individuals who are associated with the title “son of man.” •The Prophet Ezekiel. •And our Lord Jesus Christ. However, the meaning of The Son of Man,” vs. son of man,” the meanings are completely different for these 2 individuals, whether it’s for *The Prophet Ezekiel, *or our Lord Jesus Christ. And Last Sunday, we mainly focused upon The Prophet Ezekiel, Whom God Himself called  Ezekiel, “son of man!”

And you might recall we took sometime to understand what did that title, “son of man” really means when it was used for The Prophet Ezekiel?  Because remember, it was not Ezekiel who called himself  “son of man,” but it was God!

Now, let’s turn to Matthew Chapter 16. Now today, with God’s help, we are going to learn together the reason why our Lord Jesus Christ on numerous occasions referred to Himself as, “The Son of Man!” 

For example, notice Matthew 16:13. When Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi,  Jesus asked His disciples saying, Who do men say that I (The Son of Man) am?" 

*(Question)  So then, why did our Lord Jesus on numerous occasions referred to Himself as, “The Son of Man?”  *And what exactly does “The Son of Man” mean when it is used for our Lord Jesus Christ? 

Now then, let’s consider our first question, Why did our Lord Jesus on numerous occasions referred to Himself as, “The Son of Man?”  (Repeat) 

Well, let’s turn to The Book of Daniel Chapter 7. Now, notice Daniel 7: 13 (I) Daniel was watching in the night visions, and behold, One like The Son of Man coming with the clouds of Heaven!   And (He) The Son of Man came unto The Ancient of Days, God The Father and they, either the holy angels around the throne or the living creatures around the throne. They brought Him -The Son of Man near before Him God The Father.                                      14 Then unto (Him) The Son of Man was given Dominion and Glory and a Kingdom. Why?  So that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him. The Son of Man. For (His) - The Son of Man’s Dominion, is an everlasting Dominion which shall not pass away.  And His Kingdom  - The Son of Man, is The One which shall not be destroyed.  (Stop here)

Remember our first question, “Why did our Lord Jesus on numerous occasions referred to Himself as, “The Son of Man?” 

Well, according to The Book of Daniel 7:13&14, I would suggest to you that this vision that the Prophet Daniel saw was a special vision of the pre-incarnated Son of God, or God The Son.

That’s why our Lord Jesus on numerous occasions referred to Himself as, “The Son of Man,”  Because that’s who He was! The Exact Same One that Daniel saw in The Book of Daniel 7:13&14.

Now, let’s consider our second - question, *What Exactly Does The Phrase, “The Son of Man”- Mean, When It Is Used For Our Lord Jesus Christ?  (Repeat)

 “Son of Man,” in the case of our Lord Jesus is, a Messianic Title! So, when Jesus uses the title, it carries a deeper meaning: •the Messiah  •the representative human  •the future judge and king.

(Question), What exactly does the phrase, “The Son of Man” mean, when it is used for our Lord Jesus Christ? The Phrase, “The Son of Man” emphasizes His true mortal human nature. For example:

The Gospel of  Matthew 4:   1 Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.         2 And when He had fasted forty days and forty nights, afterward He was hungry.

The Gospel of Mark 4:                            36 Now when they had left the multitude, they took Him along in the boat as He was. And other little boats were also with Him.                           37 And a great windstorm arose, and the waves beat into the boat, so that it was already filling.    38 But He was in the stern, asleep on a pillow. And they awoke Him and said to Him, Teacher, do You not care that we are perishing?

The Gospel of John 4: 6 Now, Jacob's well was there. Jesus, therefore, being wearied from His journey, sat thus by the well, for it was about the sixth hour, Noontime. 7 A woman of Samaria came to draw water and Jesus said unto her, Give Me a drink!

So, the Phrase, “The Son of Man” communicates that He: •lived as a real human being. •experienced discomfort, tiredness hunger and thirst.

(Next) The Phrase, “The Son of Man” allowed Jesus to describe His earthly mission in five major ways.*The Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins.” Mark 2:10. *The Son of Man came to seek and to save that which was lost.” Luke 19:10.  * The Son of Man must suffer many things.  (Mark 8:31)  *Behold, He the Son of Man is coming with clouds and every eye will see Him, even they who pierced Him. And all the tribes of the earth will mourn because of Him, even so, Amen. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End says the Lord, "who is, and who was, and who is to come, The Almighty.   (Revelation 1:7&8) *When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the holy angels with Him, then He will sit on the throne of His glory. (Matthew 25:31)  *******************************************          Now, let’s see Daniel 7:                                         1 In the first year of Belshazzar king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream and visions of his head while on his bed. Then he wrote down the dream, telling the main facts.                                                        2 Daniel spoke, saying, "I saw in my vision by night, and behold, the four winds of heaven were stirring up the Great Sea.                  3 And four great beasts came up from the sea each different from the other.                                       *4 The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings. I watched till its wings were plucked off; and it was lifted up from the earth and made to stand on two feet like a man, and a man's heart was given to it.(Babylon)                                                                            *5 And suddenly another beast, a second, like a bear. It was raised up on one side and had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. And they said thus to it: 'Arise, devour much flesh!' (The kings of Media and Persia.)                                 6 After this I looked, and there was another, like a leopard, which had on its back four wings of a bird. The beast also had four heads, and dominion was given to it.  (Greece - Alexander, the great)     7 After this I saw in the night visions, and behold, a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, exceedingly strong. It had huge iron teeth; it was devouring, breaking in pieces, and trampling the residue with its feet. It was different from all the beasts that were before it and it had ten horns. (The Roman empire.)                                                                              8 I was considering the horns, and there was another horn, (a little one), coming up among them, before whom three of the first horns were plucked out by the roots. And there in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking pompous words.                         9 "I watched till thrones were put in place, And the Ancient of Days was seated; His garment was white as snow, And the hair of His head was like pure wool. His throne was a fiery flame, its wheels a burning fire;                                     10 A fiery stream issued And came forth from before Him. A thousand thousands ministered to Him; Ten thousand times ten thousand stood before Him. The court was seated, And the books were opened.                                        11 "I watched then because of the sound of the pompous words which the horn was speaking; I watched till the beast was slain, and its body destroyed and given to the burning flame.      12 As for the rest of the beasts, they had their dominion taken away, yet their lives were prolonged for a season and a time.               13 "I was watching in the night visions, and behold, One like the Son of Man, coming with the clouds of heaven! He came to the Ancient of Days, and they brought Him near before Him.            14 Then to Him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion, Which shall not pass away, And His kingdom the one Which shall not be destroyed.                                                                15 "I, Daniel, was grieved in my spirit within my body, and the visions of my head troubled me.         16 I came near to one of those who stood by, and asked him the truth of all this. So he told me and made known to me the interpretation of these things:***                                                                       17 Those great beasts which are four, are four kings which arise out of the earth.                              18 But the saints of the Most-High shall receive the kingdom, and possess the kingdom forever, even forever and ever.                              19 Then I wished to know the truth about the fourth beast, which was different from all the others, exceedingly dreadful, with its teeth of iron and its nails of bronze, which devoured, broke in pieces, and trampled the residue with its feet;  20 and the ten horns that were on its head, and the other horn which came up, before which three fell, namely, that horn which had eyes and a mouth which spoke pompous words, whose appearance was greater than his fellows.                      21 I was watching; and the same horn was making war against the saints, and prevailing against them,                                                                                  22 until the Ancient of Days came, and a judgment was made in favor of the saints of the Most High, and the time came for the saints to possess the kingdom. The future antichrist             23 "Thus he said: 'The fourth beast shall be A fourth kingdom on earth, which shall be different from all other kingdoms, And shall devour the whole earth, Trample it and break it in pieces.    24 The ten horns are ten kings Who shall arise from this kingdom. And another shall rise after them; He shall be different from the first ones and shall subdue three kings.                          25 He shall speak pompous words against the Most-High, shall persecute the saints of the Most- High), and shall intend to change times and law. Then the saints shall be given into his hand For a time and times and half a time.         26 'But the court shall be seated, and they shall take away his dominion, to consume and destroy it forever.                                                                                27 Then the kingdom and dominion, and the greatness of the kingdoms under the whole heaven, shall be given to the people, the saints of the Most-High. His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and obey Him.'                                                                                   28 "This is the end of the account. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts greatly troubled me, and my countenance changed; but I kept the matter in my heart. *******************************************          Daniel 8:                                                           2 I saw in the vision, and it so happened while I was looking, that I was in Shushan, the citadel, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in the vision that I was by the River Ulai.                      3 Then I lifted my eyes and saw, and there, standing beside the river, was a Ram which had two horns, and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher one came up last.                                                  4 I saw the ram pushing westward, northward, and southward, so that no animal could withstand him; nor was there any that could deliver from his hand, but he did according to his will and became great.                                                                                   5 And as I was considering, suddenly a male Goat came from the west, across the surface of the whole earth, without touching the ground; and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes.      6 Then he came to the ram that had two horns, which I had seen standing beside the river, and ran at him with furious power.                        7 And I saw him confronting the ram; he was moved with rage against him, attacked the ram, and broke his two horns. There was no power in the ram to withstand him, but he cast him down to the ground and trampled him; and there was no one that could deliver the ram from his hand.   8 Therefore the male goat grew very great; but when he became strong, the large horn was broken, and in place of it four notable ones came up toward the four winds of heaven.            9 And out of one of them came a little horn which grew exceedingly great toward the south, toward the east, and toward the Glorious Land.       10 And it grew up to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and some of the stars to the ground and trampled them.                          11 He even exalted himself as high as the Prince of the host; and by him the daily sacrifices were taken away, and the place of His sanctuary was cast down.                                                      12 Because of transgression, an army was given over to the horn to oppose the daily sacrifices; and he cast truth down to the ground. He did all this and prospered.                                                        13 Then I heard a holy one speaking; and another holy one said to that certain one who was speaking, "How long will the vision be, concerning the daily sacrifices and the transgression of desolation, the giving of both the sanctuary and the host to be trampled underfoot?"                           14 And he said to me, "For two thousand three hundred days; then the sanctuary shall be cleansed."      15 Then it happened, when I, Daniel, had seen the vision and was seeking the meaning, that suddenly there stood before me one having the appearance of a man.                                                   16 And I heard a man's voice between the banks of the Ulai, who called, and said, "Gabriel, make this man understand the vision."                            17 So he came near where I stood, and when he came, I was afraid and fell on my face; but he said to me, "Understand, son of man, that the vision refers to the time of the end."                                     18 Now, as he was speaking with me, I was in a deep sleep with my face to the ground; but he touched me, and stood me upright.                19 And he said, "Look, I am making known to you what shall happen in the latter time of the indignation; for at the appointed time the end shall be.                                                                           20 The ram which you saw, having the two horns--they are the kings of Media and Persia.         21 And the male goat is the kingdom of Greece. The large horn that is between its eyes is the first king.                                                                                    22 As for the broken horn and the four that stood up in its place, four kingdoms shall arise out of that nation, but not with its power.        23 "And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the transgressors have reached their fullness, a king shall arise, Having fierce features, Who understands sinister schemes.                                       24 His power shall be mighty, but not by his own power; He shall destroy fearfully And shall prosper and thrive; He shall destroy the mighty and also, the holy people.                                      25 "Through his cunning He shall cause deceit to prosper under his rule; And he shall exalt himself in his heart. He shall destroy many in their prosperity. He shall even rise against the Prince of princes; But he shall be broken without human means.                                                              26 "And the vision of the evenings and mornings which was told is true; Therefore, seal up the vision, for it refers to many days in the future." 27 And I, Daniel, fainted and was sick for days; afterward I arose and went about the king's business. I was astonished by the vision, but no one understood                                           *******************************************           The Book of Daniel chapter 7 is one of the most important prophetic passages in Scripture.  It shifts from historical narrative (chapters 1–6) to apocalyptic vision (chapters 7–12). 

Here is A verse by verse, explaining both the imagery and widely held interpretations, while some biblical scholars may differ. Verses 1–3, The Vision Begins. Daniel sees four beasts rising from a turbulent sea. •v.1 – The vision occurs during the reign of Belshazzar, linking it historically to Babylon. •v.2 – The “four winds” stirring the sea symbolize chaos among nations (compare Isaiah 17:12). •v.3 – The sea represents the nations of the world; the four beasts represent four kingdoms. Just like the statue in Daniel 2, these are successive world empires, but now seen from God’s perspective (as beasts rather than glorious metals). Verse 4 — the First was A lion with eagle’s wings. •Wings removed; it stands like a man and receives a human heart, This represents Babylon (cf. Jeremiah 50:17; 4:7) •Lion = strength and royalty  •Eagle wings = speed of conquest •Transformation = humbling of pride (compare Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 4) Verse 5 — the Second was A bear raised on one side with Three ribs in its mouth, Represents the Medo-Persian Empire •Raised on one side = Persia stronger than Media •Three ribs = major conquests (commonly: Lydia, Babylon, Egypt) Verse 6—A leopard with four wings and four heads, Represents the Greek Empire under Alexander the Great •Leopard = speed  •Four wings = rapid conquest •Four heads = division after his death into four kingdoms. Verse 7&8— A terrifying beast with iron teeth and ten horns. Also, A little horn arises, uprooting three horns and speaking arrogantly. Fourth beast = Rome (historically and traditionally understood. Ten horns = ten kings/kingdoms (future or symbolic depending on view.) Little horn = often interpreted as: A future Antichrist figure (common evangelical view). Or, a historical ruler like Antiochus IV some scholars suggest, or maybe it’s both! Verse 9-12 - The Ancient of Days sits in judgment God The Father. Then Books are opened. The Ancient of Days = God Himself (eternal judge Courtroom imagery = divine judgment over the nations Verse 13&14 - One like the Son of Man comes with the clouds and Given everlasting dominion. This is a Messianic prophecy and it directly applies to Jesus this title to Himself (Mark 14:62) Note: Unlike the beasts earthly kingdoms, this kingdom is eternal and righteous. Verses 15–18 - Daniel Troubled. •Daniel is distressed by the vision.  •He seeks understanding. Even prophets didn’t automatically understand everything—they needed revelation. Verses 19–22 — Focus on the Fourth Beast •Emphasis on the terrifying fourth kingdom •The little horn wages war against the saints. •This describes persecution of God’s people •But ultimately, God vindicates the saints Verses 23–25. •Fourth kingdom devours the earth •Ten kings arise •Another king (little horn) opposes God and persecutes saints. Key phrase: “Time, times, and half a time” •Often understood as 3.5 years. •Symbol of limited period of persecution Verses 26 & 27. - Final Victory •The little horn is judged •The kingdom is given to the saints •God’s kingdom ultimately replaces all human kingdoms •Believers share in this reign (cf. Revelation 20) Verse 28 — •Daniel is deeply troubled but keeps the matter in his heart. Prophecy is meant to be pondered, not always instantly solved. Daniel 7 shows: 1. Four world empires (Babylon → Medo-Persia → Greece → Rome) 2. Human kingdoms = beastly from God’s perspective 3. God is sovereign Judge over history 4. A coming Messianic King (Son of Man) 5. Final victory belongs to God and His people.

Christians differ on some details: •Historicist: kingdoms unfold through history •Futurist: fourth beast and little horn mainly future •Preterist: much fulfilled in ancient times But all agree on the central truth: God rules history, and His kingdom will prevail.

Question, how can I be for sure that the beast that are mentioned in Daniel chapter 7 represent for major world empires of the past?

For Daniel chapter 7, the first beast represented Babylon the second beast represented Persia and Media. The third beast represented the Greek empire rule by Alexander the great. And the fourth beast represents the Roman Empire. And what will follow in the last days another world leader?

How can we know for sure that the beast that are mentioned in Daniel chapter 7 represent these major world empires of the past?  Can it be verified through secular history and archaeology as well?

And How do we know this interpretation isn’t just assumed—but actually grounded in the Scripture and history?” The short answer is: you can’t prove it with absolute mathematical certainty.

However, you can have strong, layered confidence based on (1) the Bible interpreting itself, (2) historical alignment, and (3) archaeological confirmation. 1. Let the Bible Interpret Itself First. The most important control is not history - it’s Scripture itself. In Book of Daniel Chapter 7, you’re not left guessing: •Daniel 7:17 – “These great beasts… are four kings (kingdoms)” •Daniel 7:23 – “The fourth beast shall be a fourth kingdom on earth” So, one thing is certain: The beasts = kingdoms (not symbols of random ideas). 2. Compare Daniel Chapter 7 with Daniel 2 (Same Pattern) Now, here’s where things get much stronger. In Daniel 2, King Nebuchadnezzar sees a statue made of four metals. Daniel explicitly interprets it: •Head of gold = Babylon (Daniel 2:38 - clearly stated) •Then three inferior kingdoms follow

When you line up Daniel Chapter 2 and Daniel Chapter 7, the pattern matches perfectly. Daniel 2 (Statue) Daniel 7 (Beasts) Meaning

Gold Lion Babylon Silver Bear Medo-Persia Bronze Leopard Greece Iron Terrifying beast Rome This parallel is one of the strongest reasons scholars identify the kingdoms this way.

3. Historical Sequence Fits exactly.   Now, we bring in secular history and this is where things get compelling. Known world empires (in order): 1.Babylon (ruled during Daniel’s life) 2.Medo-Persia (conquered Babylon in 539 BC) 3.Greece under Alexander the Great 4.Rome followed Greece and dominated the ancient world. That exact sequence is not debated among historians.

4.Archaeology Confirms These Empires. Archaeology strongly supports the existence and dominance of these kingdoms. Babylon. The Ishtar Gate (covered in lions) confirms Babylon’s symbolism. Inscriptions of Nebuchadnezzar exist. Babylon is historically and archaeologically undeniable Lion imagery in Daniel 7 aligns with Babylon’s known symbolism. The Cyrus Cylinder confirms Persian conquest policy. •Persia historically followed Babylon •Dual kingdom (Medes + Persians) fits the “uneven bear.” •Alexander the Great conquered rapidly (fits leopard with wings). •After his death, the empire split into four parts (fits four heads)Rome followed Greece historically. •Known for iron strength and crushing power. •No single animal fits it just like Daniel’s “terrifying beast.

5.  Even across different theological views, many agree on this identification because: ✔ The sequence matches history exactly. ✔ The details fit each empire uniquely. ✔ The Bible itself sets the pattern (Daniel Chapter 2 Chapter 7) ✔ Archaeology confirms each empire’s existence and characteristics.

6. But Can We Be 100% Certain? We can be very confident, but not mathematically certain, because: •The text doesn’t explicitly name Persia, Greece, and Rome in chapter 7 •Interpretation still involves connecting patterns However, It is not a random guess.  It is a consistent, evidence-based interpretation.

7. What about an end times Future Leader? Will another world leader follow in the last days?This comes from: •The “little horn” (Daniel 7:8, 7:24–25) A future world ruler (Antichrist) arising from the fourth kingdom pattern

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